The Interaction Between Earth's Rotation and Geophysical Processes

1. Introduction.

2. Motions of the Earth.

2.1 Earth’s Revolution.

2.2 Motion of the Earth’s Spin Axis in Space.

3. Polar Motion and Irregularities in the Earth’s Rotation Rate.

3.1 Motion of the Earth’s Poles.

3.2 Irregularities in the Earth’s Rotation Rate.

4. Estimation Theory of the Effect of Atmospheric Processes on the Earth’s Spin.

4.1 General  Differential  Equations of the Rotation.

4.2  Disturbed Motion of the Absolutely Solid Earth.

4.3 Disturbed Motion of the Elastic Earth.

4.4 Interpretation of Excitation Functions.

4.5 Harmonic Excitation Function and Motion of the Earth’s Poles.

4.6 Equation of Motion of the Earth’s Spin Axis in Space.

5. Tides and the Earth’s Rotation.

5.1 Tide-Generating Potential.

5.2 Expansion of Tide-Generating Potential.

5.3 Theory of Tidal Variations in the Earth’s Rotation Rate.

5.4 Precession and Nutations of the Earth’s Axis.

5.5 Introduction to the Theory of Atmospheric Tides.

6. The Air-Mass Seasonal Redistribution and the Earth’s Rotation.

6.1 Air-Mass Seasonal Redistribution.

6.2 Components of the Inertia Tensor of the Atmosphere.

6.3 Estimations of Instabilities in the Earth’s Rotation.

6.4 Discussion of Results.

7. Angular Momentum of Atmospheric Winds.

7.1 Functions of the Angular Momentum of the Atmosphere.

7.2 Climatic Data.

7.3 Axial Angular Momentum (Reanalysis Data).

7.4 Estimations of Seasonal Variations in the Earth’s Rotation.

7.5 Equatorial Angular Momentum of Atmospheric Winds.

7.6 Atmospheric Excitation of Nutations.

8. Nature of the Zonal Circulation of the Atmosphere.

8.1 Observational Data.

8.2 Translational-Rotational Motion of Geophysical Continua.

8.3 Genesis of the Zonal Circulation.

8.4 Nature of the Atmosphere Superrotation.

8.5 Theory of the Zonal Atmospheric Circulation.

8.6 Nature of the Subtropical Maxima of Atmospheric Pressure.

8.7 Mechanism of Seasonal Variation.

8.8 Conclusions.

9. Interannual Oscillations of the Earth’s-Ocean-Atmosphere System.

9.1 El Niño-Southern Oscillation.

9.2 Quasibiennial Oscillation of the Atmospheric Circulation.

9.3 Multiyear Waves.

9.4 Modern ENSO Models.

9.5 The Model of Nonlinear Excitation.

10. Mechanical Action of the Atmosphere on the Earth’s Rotation.

10.1 Friction and Pressure Torques.

10.2 Mechanical Interaction of the Atmosphere.

10.3 Implementation of Calculations.

10.4 Mechanism of the Continental Drift on Decadal-Long Time Scale.

11. Decadal Fluctuations in Geophysical Processes.

11.1 Discussion on Conceivable Hypotheses.

11.2 Theory of Estimations of the Global Water Exchange Effect on the Earth’s Rotation.

11.3 Secular and Decadal Variations.

11.4 Effect of Ice Sheets.

  11.5 Effect of Climate Changes.

11.6 Effect of the Earth’s Core.

11.7 Summary.

12. Geodynamics and Weather Predictions.

12.1 Predictions of Hydrometeorological Characteristics.

12.2 Long-Period Variability in Tidal Oscillations and Atmospheric Processes.

12.3 Hydrodynamic Equations of Motion.

13. Conclusion.

Appendices.

Appendix A: Spherical Analysis.

Appendix B: The Figure of the Earth.

Appendix C.

Appendix D.

References.

Index.